“KHALIFAH AL-MUTASHIM: KAJIAN AWAL MUNDURNYA DAULAH ABBASIYAH”. Thaqafiyyat : Jurnal Bahasa, Peradaban dan Informasi Islam 13, no. 1 (December 8, 2014): 123–140. Accessed July 13, 2025. https://journal.uin-suka.ac.id/adab/thaqafiyyat/article/view/21.